Flower-Visiting Insects
of White Lady's Slipper
Cypripedium candidum (White Lady's Slipper)
(the showy, but deceptive, flower of this orchid provides neither nectar nor pollen to insect visitors; the most effective pollinators are small bees with pollinia attached to their bodies; observations are from Catling & Knerer, Stoutamire, Wilhelm & Rericha, and Pace)
Bees (long-tongued)
Anthophoridae (Ceratinini): Ceratina calcarata/dupla exp (Pc); Anthophoridae (Nomadini): Nomada sp. exp np (CK)
Bees (short-tongued)
Halictidae (Halictinae): Augochlorella aurata exp (WR, CK, Pc), Halictus confusus exp (CK, WR, Pc), Halictus ligatus exp (Pc), Lasioglossum anomalum exp (Pc), Lasioglossum atlanticus exp (CK, Pc), Lasioglossum cinctipes exp (Pc), Lasioglossum cressonii exp (Pc), Lasioglossum pilosus pilosus exp (CK, Pc), Lasioglossum rohweri exp (CK, Pc); Halictidae (Sphecodini): Sphecodes sp. exp np (CK); Andrenidae (Andreninae): Andrena barbilabris exp (Stm), Andrena ziziae exp (CK, Pc)
Wasps
Chalcididae: Unidentified sp. exp (CK)
Beetles
Elateridae: Unidentified sp. exp np (CK)
Plant Bugs
Pentatomidae: Cosmopepla lintneriana exp (Pc)